Fundamentals of medical imaging

Topics

• 3.1History of medical imaging
• 3.2Mathematical models
• 3.3Reconstruction mathematics
• 3.4Radiography
  • 3.4.1X-ray tube construction and beam production; kV, mA, pulse width
  • 3.4.2X-ray beam properties and interactions in matter
  • 3.4.3Image contrast and noise; detector efficiency, dose, noise power spectrum
  • 3.4.4Spatial and temporal resolution
  • 3.4.5Detector technologies and anti-scatter grids
  • 3.4.6Digital radiography and computed radiography
  • 3.4.7Mammography
  • 3.4.8Performance testing and equipment QA
• 3.5Fluoroscopy
  • 3.5.1Detector technologies; flat panel, image intensifier / TV
  • 3.5.2Radiographic contrast agents
  • 3.5.3Automatic exposure control and basic imaging modes
  • 3.5.4Digital angiography and digital subtraction angiography
  • 3.5.5Operating technique and dose to patient and staff
  • 3.5.6Performance testing and equipment QA
• 3.6Computed tomography
  • 3.6.1Data acquisition and scanning modes
  • 3.6.2Reconstruction modes
  • 3.6.3In-plane resolution, slice thickness, noise, dose
  • 3.6.4Artifacts
  • 3.6.5Cone-beam computed tomography
  • 3.6.6Performance testing and equipment QA
  • 3.6.7CT technique and patient dose
• 3.7Nuclear medicine imaging
  • 3.7.1Modes and processes of radioactive decay
  • 3.7.2Nuclear reactions and radioactivity
  • 3.7.3Nuclear counting statistics
  • 3.7.4Counting systems and gamma cameras
  • 3.7.5Image quality and reconstruction
  • 3.7.6Physics of SPECT and PET
  • 3.7.7Radiotracer techniques
  • 3.7.8Radiopharmaceutical design and localization
  • 3.7.9Performance testing and equipment QA
• 3.8Magnetic resonance imaging
  • 3.8.1Magnetization, precession, Larmor equation, rotating frame, spin tipping
  • 3.8.2T1 and T2 relaxation
  • 3.8.3Pulse sequences and image formation
  • 3.8.4Spin echo image formation
  • 3.8.5Image contrast (proton density, T1, T2, T2*)
  • 3.8.6TE, TR, field of view, resolution, and signal-to-noise
  • 3.8.7Rapid imaging (gradient echo, fast spin echo)
  • 3.8.8Magnetization preparation (inversion recovery, saturation)
  • 3.8.9Artifacts
  • 3.8.10Performance testing and equipment QA
  • 3.8.11MR contrast agents
  • 3.8.12Safety and biological effects
• 3.9Ultrasound
  • 3.9.1Propagation through tissue; sources of contrast
  • 3.9.2Diagnostic transducers, materials and probe types
  • 3.9.32-D and 3-D ultrasound imaging
  • 3.9.4Spatial and temporal resolution
  • 3.9.5Doppler and color flow imaging
  • 3.9.6Performance testing and equipment QA
  • 3.9.7Elasticity imaging methods
  • 3.9.8Artifacts
  • 3.9.9Ultrasound contrast agents
  • 3.9.10Safety and biological effects